Lesson 9 食べ放題 Practice
Part 1: Choosing the grammar form
Q1
当店では、作り の味をお楽しみいただけるよう、ご注文を受けてから作っています。
Related grammar point 2 できたて
当店では、作りたての味をお楽しみいただけるよう、ご注文を受けてから作っています。
At our restaurant, so that you can enjoy the taste of food made fresh, we start preparing each dish only after we receive your order.
1ながら
ながら: means "while doing... while doing..." and does not fit the context of the state right after something is made
2たて ✓
Correct. たて: Vます+たて expresses the state of having just finished doing something, and corresponds to grammar point ② of this lesson: "the taste of food freshly made"
3かけ
かけ: means "halfway through doing..." and is the opposite of the context of something freshly completed
4しだい
しだい: means "as soon as..." and must be followed by an action; it cannot directly modify the noun 「味」
Q2
この防災セットに入っているご飯は、常温で5年間保存できる 。
Related grammar point 4 変わるようになっている
この防災セットに入っているご飯は、常温で5年間保存できるようになっています。
The rice in this disaster-preparedness set can be stored for five years at room temperature.
1かのようです
かのようです: means "as if..." and does not fit the context of objectively describing a product's performance
2ようにしています
ようにしています: means "I make a point of...", a subjective effort, and does not fit a description of a product's objective performance
3ようになっています ✓
Correct. ようになっています: expresses that a machine or system objectively has a certain function, and corresponds to grammar point ④ of this lesson: "(this product) is designed so that it can be stored for five years"
4ようにしてください
ようにしてください: means "please make sure to...", a request, and does not fit a declarative context
Q3
9月になったのに、涼しくなる 、さらに暑さが厳しくなったような気がする。
Related grammar point 6 たくさん食べるどころか
9月になったのに、涼しくなるどころか、さらに暑さが厳しくなったような気がする。
It's already September, but far from getting cooler, it feels as if the heat has become even harsher.
1に反して
に反して: means "contrary to..." and the sentence structure does not fit this sentence
2くらいなら
くらいなら: means "rather than..." and expresses a choice, which does not fit the "far from... on the contrary..." context
3はもとより
はもとより: means "not to mention..., also..." and does not fit a context where the contrast deepens
4どころか ✓
Correct. どころか: means "far from..., on the contrary..." and corresponds to grammar point ⑥ of this lesson: "far from getting cooler, it has actually gotten hotter"
Q4
A:え、昼休み30分だけですか?
B:30分でもあるだけ よ。私なんか食べながら仕事することだってあるんだから。
Related grammar point 14 がんばったほうがずっとましだ
A:え、昼休み30分だけですか?
B:30分でもあるだけましだよ。私なんか食べながら仕事することだってあるんだから。
A: What, the lunch break is only 30 minutes? B: You should be glad you even get 30 minutes. Sometimes I even have to work while eating.
1といった
といった: means "such as..." and is used for listing examples, which does not fit the context
2ましだ ✓
Correct. ましだ: means "better than..., not bad" and corresponds to grammar point ⑭ of this lesson: "having 30 minutes is already better than nothing"
3というものだ
というものだ: means "that is what... really is" and its nuance does not fit "not so bad"
4らしい
らしい: expresses conjecture, "it seems that...", and does not fit the context of the speaker's own assessment
Q5
リムジンバスが渋滞で遅れて、もう少しで飛行機に乗り遅れる 。
Related grammar point 12 罰金を払わされるところだった
リムジンバスが渋滞で遅れて、もう少しで飛行機に乗り遅れるところだった。
The airport limousine bus was delayed by traffic congestion, and I nearly missed my flight.
1ことはないだろう
ことはないだろう: expresses the negative conjecture "probably won't..." and does not fit the context of something that almost happened
2ところだった ✓
Correct. ところだった: means "almost... (but in fact it did not happen)" and corresponds to grammar point ⑫ of this lesson: "almost missed the flight"
3ところではなかった
ところではなかった: means "it was not the time or place for..." and does not fit the context of something that almost happened
4ばかりだった
ばかりだった: means "nothing but... / had just..." and does not fit the context
Q6
怖くて眠れなくなる 、ホラー映画なんて見なければいいのに。
Related grammar point 13 罰金払うくらいなら
怖くて眠れなくなるくらいなら、ホラー映画なんて見なければいいのに。
If you get so scared that you can't sleep, you shouldn't watch horror movies in the first place.
1のなんのって
のなんのって: expresses a high degree and does not fit the context of choosing "rather than..." here
2どころか
どころか: means "far from..., on the contrary..." and does not fit the context
3くらいなら ✓
Correct. くらいなら: means "rather than..." and corresponds to grammar point ⑬ of this lesson: "if you're going to be too scared to sleep, don't watch them"
4反面
反面: means "on the other hand" and does not fit the context of a choice or suggestion
Q7
A:強化合宿、どうだった?
B:まいったよ。ほんと、死んだ と思うくらいきつかったよ。
Related grammar point 14 がんばったほうがずっとましだ
A:強化合宿、どうだった?
B:まいったよ。ほんと、死んだほうがましだと思うくらいきつかったよ。
A: How was the intensive training camp? B: Don't ask. Honestly, it was so grueling that I felt I'd rather be dead.
1ほうがましだ ✓
Correct. 「ほうがましだ」: 「まし」 of grammar point ⑭ of this lesson; 「死んだほうがましだ」 = "I'd rather be dead," exaggerating that the camp was so exhausting that he felt he would rather die
2ところだった
「ところだった」: grammar point ⑫ of this lesson, meaning "almost...", but it attaches to the dictionary form of a verb (「死ぬところだった」), so 「死んだところだった」 does not work
3ことだ
「ことだ」: grammar point ⑩ of this lesson, which gives advice meaning "you should..."; this usage attaches to the dictionary form or the ない form of a verb, so 「死んだことだ」 is not a way of giving advice and does not make sense
4おそれがある
「おそれがある」: not covered in this lesson; it means "there is a risk of..." and is mostly used in news and notices for objective predictions of bad outcomes, so "there is a risk of dying" does not fit the context of describing how exhausting the camp was
Part 2: Building sentences
Put the 4 options into slots 1–4 in order, then pick the one that lands in the ★ slot.
Q1
上手にしからないと12★4プレッシャーでいい面もつぶしてしまいかねません。
Related grammar point 6 たくさん食べるどころか
上手にしからないと1部下の2能力を3★引き出す4どころかプレッシャーでいい面もつぶしてしまいかねません。
Order: 4 → 1 → 3 → 2 ★ = option 3
If you are not good at scolding, not only will you fail to draw out your subordinates' abilities, but the pressure may even crush their good qualities.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「部下の」 + 「能力を」 forming the object "the subordinate's abilities," then 「引き出す」 (to draw out), with the ★ falling on 「引き出す」, and finally 「どころか」 (grammar point ⑥ of this lesson, "far from...; on the contrary..."), which leads into the negative result that follows. Full sentence: 上手にしからないと 部下の 能力を 引き出す★ どころか プレッシャーでいい面もつぶしてしまいかねません。
Q2
こちらの車は12★4ので、キャンプにも使えます。
Related grammar point 4 変わるようになっている
こちらの車は1車内で2寝泊まり3★できる4ようになっているので、キャンプにも使えます。
Order: 2 → 1 → 4 → 3 ★ = option 4
This car can be slept in, so it can also be used for camping.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「車内で」 (inside the car), then 「寝泊まり」, then 「できる」, with the ★ falling on 「できる」, and finally 「ようになっている」, which corresponds to grammar point ④ of this lesson and expresses "is designed so that it can...". Full sentence: こちらの車は 車内で 寝泊まり できる★ ようになっている ので、キャンプにも使えます。
Q3
暑いから、狭いテントで12★4ほうがましだ。
Related grammar point 13 罰金払うくらいなら
暑いから、狭いテントで1寝る2くらいなら3★外で4寝たほうがましだ。
Order: 4 → 1 → 3 → 2 ★ = option 3
It's hot, so rather than sleeping in a cramped tent, it would be better to sleep outside.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「寝る」, then 「くらいなら」 (grammar point ⑬ of this lesson, "rather than..."), then 「外で」, with the ★ falling on 「外で」, and finally 「寝た」. Full sentence: 暑いから、狭いテントで 寝る くらいなら 外で★ 寝た ほうがましだ。
Q4
課長は忙しい12★4頼んでくるから困るんだ。
Related grammar point 9 初心者に限って
課長は忙しい1とき2に限って3★めんどうな4仕事を頼んでくるから困るんだ。
Order: 3 → 1 → 2 → 4 ★ = option 2
The section chief always asks me to do troublesome work precisely when I'm busy, and it's a real headache.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「とき」, then 「に限って」 (grammar point ⑨ of this lesson, "precisely when..."), then 「めんどうな」, with the ★ falling on 「めんどうな」, and finally 「仕事を」. Full sentence: 課長は忙しい とき に限って めんどうな★ 仕事を 頼んでくるから困るんだ。
Q5
「いくら12★4」と母は言った。
Related grammar point 8 上品ぶってもしょうがない
「いくら1若い子2ぶっても3★年は4ごまかせなかった」と母は言った。
Order: 2 → 4 → 1 → 3 ★ = option 1
My mother said, "No matter how much I acted like a young girl, I couldn't hide my age."
How the sentence is built
First comes 「若い子」, then 「ぶっても」 (grammar point ⑧ of this lesson, "acting as if..."), then 「年は」, with the ★ falling on 「年は」, and finally 「ごまかせなかった」. Full sentence: 「いくら 若い子 ぶっても 年は★ ごまかせなかった」と母は言った。
Part 3: Grammar in a passage
Blank 1
1のなんのって ✓
Correct. 「のなんのって」: grammar point ① of this lesson; it attaches to the plain form and means "indescribably..."; 「びっくりしたのなんのって」 = "I was incredibly shocked," and what follows, 「一面の銀世界」, names the surprising sight
2からだ
「からだ」: expresses a reason, "it is because..."; "I was surprised because" followed directly by 「一面の銀世界」 does not form a causal explanation, so the sentence does not make sense
3けれど
「けれど」: expresses contrast, "although..."; "I was surprised, but a world of white snow" does not form a contrast
4ところが
「ところが」: 「〜たところが」 means "when I did..., unexpectedly...", where the first part should be an action that leads to a discovery (like 「起きたところが」); 「びっくりした」 is itself the reaction to seeing the snow, so the order is reversed and the meaning does not work
Blank 2
1始め
「始め」: 「Vます+始め」 means "the start of doing..."; 「焼き始めのパン」 is bread that has just started baking and is not yet done, which does not fit "delicious"
2たて ✓
Correct. 「たて」: grammar point ② of this lesson; 「Vます+たて」 means "freshly..."; 「焼きたてのパン」 = freshly baked bread, which together with the delicious milk makes up the breakfast to be delivered
3かけ
「かけ」: 「Vます+かけ」 means "halfway through..."; 「焼きかけのパン」 is half-baked bread, which does not fit the context
4次第
「次第」: 「Vます+次第」 means "as soon as..." and must be followed by an action; it cannot modify the noun 「パン」 with 「の」
Blank 3
1ほかなかった
「ほかなかった」: means "had no choice but to..."; 「何も食べられないよりほかなかった」 would mean "had no choice but to eat nothing," which contradicts having just eaten the leftover sweets
2おかげだった
「おかげだった」: means "it was thanks to..." and attaches to 「Nの」 or the plain form; it cannot be combined with the comparative 「より」, so 「食べられないよりおかげだった」 does not work
3に比べた
「に比べた」: 「に比べて」 must follow a noun, and it duplicates the comparison already expressed by 「より」, so 「食べられないよりに比べた」 does not work
4ましだった ✓
Correct. 「ましだった」: 「まし」 of grammar point ⑭ of this lesson; 「AよりBのほうがましだ」 means "not ideal, but better than A"; 「何も食べられないよりましだった」 = "(eating the leftover sweets) was better than having nothing to eat," and the final 「けど」 carries a note of dissatisfaction
Blank 4
1くらいなら ✓
Correct. 「くらいなら」: grammar point ⑬ of this lesson; 「Vる+くらいなら」 means "rather than..." and is often paired with 「ほうがいい・ほうが早い」 later in the sentence: "rather than wait for a delivery with no idea when it will come, it's faster to go and buy it myself"
2くらいだから
「くらいだから」: means "since it has reached the point of..."; "since I'm at the point of waiting for delivery, it's faster to buy" does not form this kind of relationship
3どころだから
「どころだから」: no such expression exists (grammar point ⑥ of this lesson is 「どころか」, and there is also 「どころではない」), so it does not work
4ところまでは
「ところまでは」: means "up to the point of..."; "up to the point where the delivery arrives, it's faster to buy" makes no sense
Show the passage with answers and translation
I'm currently visiting a friend's vacation house in Izu. When I got up this morning, I was shocked: outside was a world of pure white snow. Snow had piled up completely on the roads, and cars could no longer get through. We were supposed to have delicious milk and freshly baked bread delivered from a nearby shop for breakfast, but in this state delivery is impossible. There was nothing to be done, so we ate the leftover sweets. Though it was better than eating nothing at all. After that, I thought it would be faster to go and buy something than to wait for a delivery with no idea when it would come, so my friend and I decided to go to a supermarket a little way off, but the snow made walking difficult and it was really tough. We had been planning to take the bus to the harbor at lunchtime to eat delicious fish... (crying).
Part 4: Listening
Listen first, then tap an option. The transcript and explanation appear after you answer.
Q1
Options are printed on the test paper: read them, then listen.
男の人と女の人が話しています。男の人はどうしてポイントがつけられませんでしたか。
問 男の人はどうしてポイントがつけられませんでしたか。
Transcript
去年旅行に行ったとき、マイレージカードを忘れちゃって。結構ポイントつくはずだったのに…。
うん、帰国してからでもポイントつけられるようになっているでしょ?
それ知らなくて、教えてもらってやろうと思ったんだけど…。
わかった。搭乗券捨てちゃったんでしょう。
ううん。記念にとってあったし…。でも教えてもらったのがついこの間で、期限切れちゃってたんだ。
そうなんだ。残念だったね。この次はカード忘れないことね。
When I went on a trip last year, I forgot my mileage card. I should have earned quite a lot of points...
You can add the points even after you return home, right?
I didn't know that, and I was going to ask how to do it and then take care of it...
I get it. You threw away your boarding pass, didn't you?
No, I kept it as a souvenir... But it was only recently that I was told how to do it, and the deadline had already passed.
I see. That's a shame. Next time, don't forget your card.
問 男の人はどうしてポイントがつけられませんでしたか。
1カードをなくしたから
2搭乗券をなくしたから
3搭乗券を捨ててしまったから
4手続きの期間が終わっていたから ✓
Why couldn't the man get his points?
The question is "Why couldn't the man get his points?" At first the man mentions 「マイレージカードを忘れちゃって」 (he forgot his mileage card), but the woman immediately asks back 「帰国してからでもポイントつけられるようになっているでしょ?」, which shows that there was in fact still a chance to add the points after returning home, so forgetting the card was not the real reason the points were never credited (rules out 1). The woman then guesses 「搭乗券捨てちゃったんでしょう」 (you threw away your boarding pass, didn't you?), and the man denies it: 「ううん。記念にとってあったし…」 — he kept the boarding pass as a souvenir and did not throw it away (rules out 2 and 3). The real reason is in the man's last line: 「教えてもらったのがついこの間で、期限切れちゃってたんだ」 — by the time he was told how to claim them, it was too late and the deadline for the procedure had already passed. → 手続きの期間が終わっていたから. Answer 4.
Grammar in this question
〜ようになっている:(Grammar point ④ of this lesson) Designed or set up to have a function. 「帰国してからでもポイントつけられるようになっている」 = points can be added even after returning home.
Vてある:Keeping something in a certain state. 「記念にとってあった」 = had kept it as a souvenir.
Key vocabulary
マイレージカード mileage card, points card
搭乗券(とうじょうけん) boarding pass
期限切れ(きげんぎれ) expired, past the deadline
Q1
Listen to this sentence first
問 焼きたてのケーキがあるのよ。食べていかない?
I have a freshly baked cake. Won't you have some before you go?
1ええ、食べていきません。
Yes, I won't eat any before I go.
2え?今からケーキ焼くんですか。
Huh? Are you going to bake a cake now?
3え?いいんですか。 ✓
Huh? Is that really all right?
The other person says 「焼きたてのケーキがあるのよ。食べていかない?」 — 「たて」 of grammar point ② of this lesson: "I have a freshly baked cake. Won't you have some before you go?" This is an invitation. Hearing such a tempting offer, the most natural reaction is to check with surprise and delight, "Really, may I?": 「え?いいんですか」. 1 「ええ、食べていきません」 flatly declines the invitation with no reason given, which is stiff and unnatural. 2 「え?今からケーキ焼くんですか」 misunderstands 「焼きたて」 (already baked) as "about to start baking now," a misreading of the tense. Answer 3.
Grammar in this question
〜たて:(Grammar point ② of this lesson) The state of having just been done. 「焼きたてのケーキ」 = a freshly baked cake.
Key vocabulary
焼く(やく) to bake, to grill
Q2
Listen to this sentence first
問 けさ、電車に荷物忘れるところだったよ。
This morning I almost left my luggage on the train.
1え?何を忘れたんですか。
Huh? What did you forget?
2え?気がついてよかったですね。 ✓
Huh? It's a good thing you noticed.
3え?じゃあ駅に連絡しましょうか。
Huh? Then shall we contact the station?
The other person says 「けさ、電車に荷物忘れるところだったよ」 — 「ところだった」 of grammar point ⑫ of this lesson: "This morning I almost left my luggage on the train," a relieved account of something that almost happened but did not. Hearing this, the most natural reaction is to be glad for the speaker: "Good thing you noticed": 「え?気がついてよかったですね」. 1 「え?何を忘れたんですか」 mishears 「忘れるところだった」 (almost forgot, but in fact did not) as 「忘れた」 (really forgot); it misunderstands the grammar, and asking "what did you forget?" is off the point. 3 「え?じゃあ駅に連絡しましょうか」 — since the luggage was never actually left on the train, there is no need to contact the station. Answer 2.
Grammar in this question
〜ところだった:(Grammar point ⑫ of this lesson) Almost... (but in fact it did not happen). 「荷物忘れるところだった」 = almost forgot my luggage.
Key vocabulary
荷物(にもつ) luggage, baggage
Q3
Listen to this sentence first
問 こんな簡単な書類が書けないようでは仕事にならないよ。
If you can't even write a document this simple, you can't do the job.
1はい、すみません。 ✓
Yes, I'm sorry.
2はい、仕事ですから。
Yes, because it's work.
3はい、書けないようです。
Yes, it seems I can't write it.
The other person criticizes: 「こんな簡単な書類が書けないようでは仕事にならないよ」 — 「ようでは」 of grammar point ⑦ of this lesson: "If you can't even write a document this simple, you can't do the job," a critical remark. The most natural and basically polite response to such criticism is to apologize: 「はい、すみません」. 2 「はい、仕事ですから」 ("Yes, because it's work") does not answer the criticism and sounds as if the speaker does not admit fault. 3 「はい、書けないようです」 ("Yes, it seems I can't write it") sounds as if the speaker is detachedly agreeing with the assessment; the tone is odd and it is not an appropriate response. Answer 1.
Grammar in this question
〜ようでは:(Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson) If things stay as they are... (it won't turn out well). 「書けないようでは仕事にならない」 = if you can't write it, you can't do the job.
Key vocabulary
書類(しょるい) document, paperwork