Lesson 3 ホテルの仕事 Practice

Related grammar point 3 対応たいおうせざるを得えない

歴史れきしある建物たてものだが、古くふるくなって危険きけんなので壊さこわさざるを得えない。

It's a historic building, but it is old and dangerous, so it has no choice but to be demolished.

1. 1壊しこわしてしょうがない

   「壊しこわしてしょうがない」: 「〜てしょうがない」 means "extremely / unbearably ~" and is used with feelings or sensations that cannot be helped (e.g. 「眠くねむくてしょうがない」). It cannot express "have to demolish," so it doesn't fit.

2. 2壊さこわさないはずだ

   「壊さこわさないはずだ」: 「はずだ」 expresses the conjecture "it shouldn't be," which is the opposite of the context "must be demolished because it is dangerous."

3. 3壊しこわしっこない

   「壊しこわしっこない」: 「っこない」 means "absolutely impossible," which is the opposite of the conclusion "must be demolished because it is dangerous."

4. 4壊さこわさざるを得えない ✓

   Correct. 「ざるを得えない」 means "have no choice but to...," corresponding to Grammar Point ③ of this lesson, and it matches the established fact of "old and dangerous."

Related grammar point 6 信頼しんらいを失うしないかねません

テレビ番組ばんぐみは内容ないようによっては、若者わかものに悪いわるい影響えいきょうを与えあたえかねない。

Depending on their content, TV programs could have a bad influence on young people.

1. 1与えあたえざるを得えない

   「与えあたえざるを得えない」: 「ざるを得えない」 means "have no choice but to," implying being forced to do something, but a TV program having an influence is a conjectured possibility, not a forced action.

2. 2与えあたえかねない ✓

   Correct. 「かねない」 means "could (lead to a bad result)," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑥ of this lesson, and it matches the conjectural tone of "inappropriate content could have a negative effect."

3. 3与えあたえないところだ

   「与えあたえないところだ」: 「ところだ」 indicates the stage of an action (just about to...), which doesn't fit the conjectural context of "having a bad influence."

4. 4与えあたえっこない

   「与えあたえっこない」: 「っこない」 means "absolutely impossible," which is the opposite of the context "inappropriate content could have an effect."

Related grammar point 7 お客様きゃくさまというより

バイオリンは弾くひくというより歌ううたうような感覚かんかくが大事だいじです。なぜなら、バイオリンの音色ねいろは人ひとの声こえに近いちかいと言わいわれていますから。

Playing the violin is, rather than "playing," more a matter of having the feeling of singing. That's because the tone of the violin is said to be very close to the human voice.

1. 1として

   「として」: indicates status or qualification, which doesn't fit the comparative context of "playing the violin should feel like singing."

2. 2といえば

   「といえば」: means "speaking of...," introducing a topic, and does not compare which of two expressions is more apt.

3. 3というより ✓

   Correct. 「というより」 means "rather than A, B," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑦ of this lesson, and fits the metaphor "playing is more like singing."

4. 4というと

   「というと」: means an association of "when it comes to... then...," which doesn't fit the context of comparing two ways of putting it.

Related grammar point 5 正当せいとうなものかどうかはともかくとして

この靴くつはデザインはともかくたいへん歩きあるきやすいので気にきに入はいっています。

Never mind the design of these shoes; they are very comfortable to walk in, and I like them a lot.

1. 1として

   「として」: indicates status or qualification, which doesn't fit the context of "never mind the appearance; they're comfortable to walk in."

2. 2について

   「について」: means "about...," which doesn't match the tone of "setting it aside."

3. 3によって

   「によって」: indicates cause or means, which doesn't fit the context of "never mind the design."

4. 4はともかく ✓

   Correct. 「はともかく」 means "never mind... / setting aside...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑤ of this lesson, and fits the context "design aside, they are comfortable to walk in."

Related grammar point 4 謝れあやまればいいというものではありません

仕事しごとは長いながい時間じかん働けはたらけばいいというものではない。時間じかんをかけないで効率こうりつよく進めすすめることを考えかんがえる必要ひつようがある。

With work, it's not simply a matter of putting in long hours. You need to think about getting it done efficiently without spending a lot of time.

1. 1に限るかぎる

   「に限るかぎる」: means "the best thing is...," which doesn't match the negative judgment that "just grinding away isn't necessarily right."

2. 2ということだ

   「ということだ」: indicates hearsay or a conclusion, which doesn't fit the softly negating tone of "isn't necessarily so."

3. 3というものではない ✓

   Correct. 「というものではない」 means "it is not the case that...," corresponding to Grammar Point ④ of this lesson, and negates the general view that "just grinding away is good."

4. 4に決まきまっている

   「に決まきまっている」: means "it is certain that...," which is the opposite of a negative judgment.

Related grammar point 2 仕事しごとを続けつづける限りかぎり

どんな仕事しごとでも自分じぶんでやってみない限りかぎりその大変たいへんさはわからないだろう。

No matter what kind of job it is, you won't understand how hard it is unless you try it yourself, right?

1. 1として

   「として」: indicates status or qualification, which doesn't fit the conditional context of "you won't understand unless you try it yourself."

2. 2限りかぎり ✓

   Correct. 「限りかぎり」 means "as long as... (then)," corresponding to Grammar Point ② of this lesson: for as long as the condition "you don't try" continues, you won't understand.

3. 3際さい

   「際」: means "when...," which doesn't fit the context of a continuing condition such as "as long as you don't try."

4. 4というより

   「というより」: indicates a comparison, which doesn't fit a conditional sentence.

Related grammar point 1 スタッフとしての心構えこころがまえ

本日ほんじつはグラフィックデザイナーとしてご活躍かつやくの渡辺わたなべたかしさんにお話はなしを伺いうかがいたいと思いおもいます。

Today we would like to ask Mr. Takashi Watanabe, who is active as a graphic designer, to speak with us.

1. 1として ✓

   Correct. 「として」 indicates status or qualification, corresponding to Grammar Point ① of this lesson: "active as a graphic designer."

2. 2を問わとわず

   「を問わとわず」: means "regardless of...," which doesn't fit the context of introducing a guest's role.

3. 3をはじめ

   「をはじめ」: means "starting with... (giving a representative)," but there is only one guest here, so it is not giving a representative.

4. 4はもとより

   「はもとより」: means "not to mention...," which doesn't fit the context of introducing a role.

Related grammar point 8 安心しあんしんしてはいられません

A：部長ぶちょう、パソコンの本ほん、ずいぶん熱心ねっしんに読んでよんでますね。
B：うん。パソコンが使えつかえなかったら何もなにもできないんだから、できないと言っていってはいられないからね。

A: Manager, you're reading that book about computers so diligently. B: Yes. If I can't use a computer, I can't do anything, so I can't keep saying I'm no good at it.

1. 1言ういうというものではない

   「言ういうというものではない」: this is Grammar Point ④ of this lesson, 「というものではない」, meaning "it's not necessarily the case that..." "It's not enough to say you can't do it" doesn't fit the context of the manager explaining why he is studying computer books so hard.

2. 2言いいいかねない

   「言いいいかねない」: this is Grammar Point ⑥ of this lesson, 「かねない」, meaning "might (do something bad)," a worry about a possible bad outcome, which doesn't match the manager's resolve that "I can't keep saying I'm no good at it."

3. 3言わいわざるを得えない

   「言わいわざるを得えない」: this is Grammar Point ③ of this lesson, 「ざるを得えない」, meaning "have no choice but to..." "Have no choice but to admit I can't" is the opposite of the preceding logic: precisely because he can't do anything without a computer, the manager is unwilling to say he's no good at it.

4. 4言っていってはいられない ✓

   Correct. 「言っていってはいられない」: this is Grammar Point ⑧ of this lesson, 「てはいられない」, meaning "(because the situation is pressing) cannot keep ...-ing." "I can't do anything without a computer, so I can't keep saying I'm no good at it" is exactly why the manager is reading the computer books so diligently.

Related grammar point 7 お客様きゃくさまというより

A：Bさん、お酒さけ、好きすきだよね。週しゅうに3回さんかいは飲みのみに行いっているんじゃない？ B：そうじゃないのよ。1お酒さけが2好きすき3★というより4雰囲気ふんいきが好きすきなのよ。

Order: 4 → 3 → 2 → 1 ★ = option 2

A: B, you really like drinking, don't you? You go out for a drink at least three times a week, right? B: No, that's not it. It's less that I like alcohol itself and more that I like the atmosphere.

Related grammar point 6 信頼しんらいを失うしないかねません

A：新しいあたらしいアルバイト、ちゃんとやってる？ B：もちろんだよ。まじめに1やらないと2クビに3★され4かねないからね。

Order: 2 → 1 → 4 → 3 ★ = option 4

A: Are you working properly at your new part-time job? B: Of course. If I don't take it seriously, I could get fired.

Related grammar point 5 正当せいとうなものかどうかはともかくとして

A：先生せんせい、無理むりです。そんなのできません。 B：1できる2かどうか3★はともかく4やってみることが大切たいせつです。がんばってね。

Order: 3 → 2 → 4 → 1 ★ = option 4

A: Professor, I can't do it. I can't do something like that. B: Whether or not you can do it is beside the point. What matters is trying. Do your best.

Related grammar point 2 仕事しごとを続けつづける限りかぎり

1. 1というのは

   「というのは」 introduces an explanation, "the reason is...," which doesn't fit the conditional context of "as long as you work at a company."

2. 2限りかぎり ✓

   Correct. 「限りかぎり」 means "as long as... (then)," corresponding to Grammar Point ② of this lesson: for as long as the condition "you work at a company" continues.

3. 3においては

   「においては」 means "in (a field/situation)," which doesn't fit a conditional context.

4. 4というと

   「というと」 means an association of "when it comes to... then...," which doesn't fit a conditional context.

Related grammar point 3 対応たいおうせざるを得えない

1. 1出社しゅっしゃするというものでもない

   「出社しゅっしゃするというものでもない」: 「というものでもない」 negates "it's enough to...," but here the point is the established fact that one must go to the office, not a negation of a view.

2. 2出社しゅっしゃしないはずだ

   「出社しゅっしゃしないはずだ」: 「はずだ」 expresses the conjecture "shouldn't," which is the opposite of the fact that "you must be at the office at 9."

3. 3出社しゅっしゃせざるを得えない ✓

   Correct. 「ざるを得えない」 means "have no choice but to...," corresponding to Grammar Point ③ of this lesson: "have no choice but to be at the office at 9 as usual."

4. 4出社しゅっしゃしないということだ

   「出社しゅっしゃしないということだ」: 「ということだ」 expresses hearsay or a summary, which is the opposite of the fact that "you must go to the office."

Related grammar point 5 正当せいとうなものかどうかはともかくとして

1. 1にかわって

   「にかわって」 means "in place of...," which doesn't fit the context "the morning aside, after 2 p.m."

2. 2に限りかぎり

   「に限りかぎり」 means "limited to...," which doesn't fit the contrastive context of "the morning is one thing."

3. 3を問わとわず

   「を問わとわず」 means "regardless of...," which doesn't fit the context of "set the morning aside, the afternoon is another matter."

4. 4はともかく ✓

   Correct. 「はともかく」 means "setting aside...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑤ of this lesson: "the morning aside, after 2 p.m. you get sleepy."

Related grammar point 6 信頼しんらいを失うしないかねません

1. 1たがる

   「たがる」 means "(third person) wants to...," which doesn't fit the conjectural context that "fatigue could cause an accident."

2. 2かねる

   「かねる」 means "find it difficult to... / cannot...," which doesn't match the conjectural tone of "could cause an accident."

3. 3かねない ✓

   Correct. 「かねない」 means "could (lead to a bad result)," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑥ of this lesson: "drowsiness could lead to accidents or mistakes at work."

4. 4っこない

   「っこない」 means "absolutely impossible," which is the opposite of the context that "fatigue could cause an accident."

Related grammar point 4 謝れあやまればいいというものではありません

1. 1ことか

   「ことか」 expresses exclamation, "how very...!", which doesn't fit the negating judgment that "sleep deprivation isn't necessarily solved by sleeping more."

2. 2というものではない ✓

   Correct. 「というものではない」 means "it is not the case that...," corresponding to Grammar Point ④ of this lesson, and negates the general view that "sleeping in solves sleep deprivation."

3. 3ことになっている

   「ことになっている」 means "it is arranged/supposed that...," which doesn't fit the context of negating a general view.

4. 4ことにする

   「ことにする」 means "decide to...," which doesn't fit the context of negating a general view.