Lesson 2 転任のあいさつ Practice
Part 1: Choosing the grammar form
Q1
うちのチームは、何度もシュートを 、得点することができなかった。
Related grammar point 7 残念ながら
うちのチームは、何度もシュートを試みながらも、得点することができなかった。
Our team tried to shoot many times, but we failed to score.
1試みながらも ✓
Correct. 「〜ながらも」 = "although..., but...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑦ 「ながら」 of this lesson, and it fits the contrastive tone of the second half, 「得点できなかった」.
2試みて以来
「〜て以来」 = "ever since...," which indicates a continuing state and doesn't fit the context of a one-time contrast, "tried many times but didn't succeed."
3試みたからといって
「〜たからといって」 = "just because..., it doesn't mean...," which is usually followed by a negative judgment rather than a direct statement of the result, so the pattern doesn't fit.
4試みることなく
「〜ことなく」 = "without doing...," meaning an action was not done, which contradicts the fact that "they tried many times."
Q2
私は今の仕事が不満な けど、もっとおもしろい仕事がしたいと思う。
Related grammar point 11 なくなるというわけではありません
私は今の仕事が不満なわけじゃないけど、もっとおもしろい仕事がしたいと思う。
It's not that I'm dissatisfied with my current job, but I want to do more interesting work.
1つもりだ
「〜つもりだ」 = "intend to...," which expresses subjective will; 「不満なつもりだ」 doesn't work (dissatisfaction is not a subjective intention).
2ようだ
「〜ようだ」 = "it seems...," which expresses conjecture, but here the speaker is talking about their own feelings and has no need to guess about themselves.
3はずがない
「〜はずがない」 = "there's no way...," which is too assertive and doesn't match the softer tone of the second half, "still want to do more interesting work."
4わけじゃない ✓
Correct. 「〜わけじゃない」 = "it's not that...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑪ of this lesson. It expresses a reluctance to say "dissatisfied" with 100% certainty, and the softer tone connects naturally with the contrast in the second half.
Q3
ABKハウジングは東京 、関東地方6県の不動産を取り扱っております。
Related grammar point 2 部長をはじめ
ABKハウジングは東京をはじめ、関東地方6県の不動産を取り扱っております。
ABK Housing handles real estate in Tokyo and the six prefectures of the Kanto region.
1くらい
「くらい」 = "about, to the extent of," which doesn't fit the context of "giving a representative example."
2を目的に
「を目的に」 = "for the purpose of...," but Tokyo is not the purpose; it is the representative area being listed.
3をはじめ ✓
Correct. 「をはじめ」 = "starting with...," corresponding to Grammar Point ② of this lesson. Tokyo is given as the representative example, implying "not only Tokyo, but also the six prefectures of the Kanto region."
4のもとで
「のもとで」 = "under...," which doesn't fit the context of giving an example to explain the scope of business.
Q4
「独立すると言って会社を辞める 、どんなに大変でもがんばれ」と部長に言われた。
Related grammar point 10 やるからには
「独立すると言って会社を辞めるからには、どんなに大変でもがんばれ」と部長に言われた。
The department manager said to me, "Since you said you'd resign to become independent, work hard no matter how difficult it gets."
1ことなく
「ことなく」 = "without doing...," which doesn't fit the context of the established fact that "you've already decided to resign."
2からには ✓
Correct. 「からには」 = "since...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑩ of this lesson. It expresses the strong tone of "since you've already decided to resign and go independent, naturally you should work hard."
3ように
「ように」 = "in order to / so that / like...," which doesn't match the strong tone of "since you've already decided."
4おかげで
「おかげで」 = "thanks to...," which indicates a cause leading to a good result and doesn't fit the context of urging the other person to work hard.
Q5
高橋さんは子どもが生まれたの 、たばこをやめる決心をしたんだそうです。
Related grammar point 9 この転勤をきっかけに
高橋さんは子どもが生まれたのをきっかけに、たばこをやめる決心をしたんだそうです。
I hear that Mr. Takahashi made up his mind to quit smoking because his child was born.
1はもとより
「はもとより」 = "not to mention...," which doesn't fit the cause-and-effect relationship of "deciding because a child was born."
2をきっかけに ✓
Correct. 「をきっかけに」 = "triggered by...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑨ of this lesson. It shows that "the birth of the child" was the direct trigger for his decision to quit smoking.
3をはじめとして
「をはじめとして」 = "starting with...," which requires a representative of a group of similar things; the birth of a child is not a "representative" but a "trigger."
4を中心として
「を中心として」 = "centered on...," which doesn't fit the cause-and-effect context of "deciding to quit smoking."
Q6
この町は大学 、若者向けの商店やアパートが集まっている。
Related grammar point 8 輸出拡大を目的としたプロジェクト
この町は大学を中心として、若者向けの商店やアパートが集まっている。
This town is centered on the university, and many shops and apartments aimed at young people are concentrated there.
1を問わず
「を問わず」 = "regardless of...," which doesn't fit the context of "shops clustered with the university at the core."
2を通じて
「を通じて」 = "through... / throughout...," which doesn't match the geographical sense of "center."
3を中心として ✓
Correct. 「を中心として」 = "centered on...," corresponding to the 「AをBとする」 series of Grammar Point ⑧ of this lesson, with B = 中心.
4をもととして
「をもととして」 = "on the basis of...," which doesn't fit the geographical layout of "gathering around the university."
Q7
あきらめる 、努力を続ければ、必ず成果は表れると信じている。
Related grammar point 12 これまでと変わることなく
あきらめることなく、努力を続ければ、必ず成果は表れると信じている。
I believe that if you keep making efforts without giving up, you will surely get results.
1ことなく ✓
Correct. 「ことなく」 = "without...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑫ of this lesson, meaning "keep making efforts without giving up."
2からには
「からには」 = "since...," which doesn't fit the context of the continuing state "without giving up"; からには is usually followed by an obligation one should fulfill.
3ものだから
「ものだから」 = "because...," which gives a reason and doesn't fit the adverbial position of "without giving up, keep making efforts."
4とおり
「とおり」 = "as / in accordance with...," which has nothing to do with the meaning of "without giving up."
Q8
警備を強化した 、3億円のダイヤが盗まれ、警備が適切だったか問題になっている。
Related grammar point 13 雨にもかかわらず
警備を強化したにもかかわらず、3億円のダイヤが盗まれ、警備が適切だったか問題になっている。
Although security had been tightened, a diamond worth 300 million yen was stolen, and the appropriateness of the security has become an issue.
1ほうが
「ほうが」 = "it is better to...," which doesn't fit the context of describing a fact that has already happened.
2からには
「からには」 = "since...," which is the opposite of the contrastive context of "an unexpected result occurred."
3ことなく
「ことなく」 = "without...," and 「強化したことなく」 is not valid (強化した is something already done).
4にもかかわらず ✓
Correct. 「にもかかわらず」 = "in spite of...," corresponding to Grammar Point ⑬ of this lesson, showing the contrast that "security was tightened, yet the actual result was the opposite (the diamond was stolen)."
Part 2: Building sentences
Put the 4 options into slots 1–4 in order, then pick the one that lands in the ★ slot.
Q1
インターンシップには、参加したほうが就職に有利だと言われるが、12★4わけではない。
Related grammar point 11 なくなるというわけではありません
インターンシップには、参加したほうが就職に有利だと言われるが、1参加すれば2内定が3★もらえる4というわけではない。
Order: 4 → 1 → 2 → 3 ★ = option 2
It's said that taking part in an internship is advantageous for job hunting, but that doesn't mean that taking part will guarantee you an informal job offer.
How the sentence is built
First determine the skeleton of the sentence: 「参加すれば内定がもらえるというわけではない」 = "even if you take part, you won't necessarily get an informal offer." This is the softened negation of Grammar Point ⑪, 「わけではない」. Put 「参加すれば」 (the condition) first, then 「内定が」 + 「もらえる」 forms "can get an informal offer," and 「という」 turns this clause into a noun phrase before 「わけではない」. The ★ falls right on 「もらえる」.
Q2
数年前に命にかかわるような12★4注意するようになった。
Related grammar point 1 入社して以来
数年前に命にかかわるような1大病を2して3★以来4健康に注意するようになった。
Order: 2 → 4 → 1 → 3 ★ = option 1
Since I had a life-threatening serious illness a few years ago, I have started paying attention to my health.
How the sentence is built
「大病をして以来」 = "ever since I had a serious illness." First add the object 「大病を」 (modified by the preceding 「命にかかわるような」), then 「して」, then 「以来」 from Grammar Point ① (V-て+以来), and finally 「健康に」, which joins the sentence-ending 「注意するようになった」 into "pay attention to health." The ★ falls on 「以来」 in third position. Full sentence: 数年前に命にかかわるような 大病を して 以来★ 健康に 注意するようになった。
Q3
新製品の12★4アンケート結果は重要な資料になるだろう。
Related grammar point 6 仕事をする上で
新製品の1宣伝方法を2考える3★上で4このアンケート結果は重要な資料になるだろう。
Order: 4 → 3 → 1 → 2 ★ = option 1
When considering how to promote the new product, the results of this questionnaire will be an important reference.
How the sentence is built
「宣伝方法を考える上で」 = "in considering the promotion method." First add the object 「宣伝方法を」 (modified by 「新製品の」), then the verb 「考える」, then 「上で」 from Grammar Point ⑥ (V-る+上で), and finally 「この」, which modifies the sentence-ending 「アンケート結果」. The ★ falls on 「上で」 in third position. Full sentence: 新製品の 宣伝方法を 考える 上で★ この アンケート結果は重要な資料になるだろう。
Q4
宇宙飛行士を12★4、判断力や問題解決能力もきたえておかなければならない。
Related grammar point 4 仕事の進め方はもとより
宇宙飛行士を1目指す2からには3★体力4はもとより、判断力や問題解決能力もきたえておかなければならない。
Order: 4 → 3 → 1 → 2 ★ = option 1
If you aim to become an astronaut, you must train not only your physical strength but also your judgment and problem-solving ability.
How the sentence is built
First add 「目指す」, which joins the preceding 「宇宙飛行士を」 into 「宇宙飛行士を目指す」, then 「からには」 from Grammar Point ⑩ (since... then...). Next comes 「体力」, then 「はもとより」 from Grammar Point ④ (not to mention...), which pairs with the following 「判断力や問題解決能力も」. The ★ falls on 「体力」 in third position. Full sentence: 宇宙飛行士を 目指す からには 体力★ はもとより、判断力や問題解決能力もきたえておかなければならない。
Part 3: Reading
※箱根駅伝:東京箱根間往復大学駅伝競走東京から箱根までの往復を10名の選手が交替しながら走る、大学対抗の伝統的な競技。毎年1月2日と3日に行われる。
Show passage translation
Everyone, thank you for gathering today for us, the ABK University relay team.
Our relay team has been practicing hard, without taking a single day off, with the goal of competing in the Hakone Ekiden※. I don't think we have made less effort than the runners of other universities, but unfortunately our school has never won a qualifying spot for the Hakone Ekiden until now. This year, however, my final year of university life, we have finally achieved that dream. I look forward to the team growing even more, using this appearance as an opportunity.
Starting with our coach, for all those who have been supporting us all this time, the whole team intends to give it everything we have. Everyone, please continue to support us.
※Hakone Ekiden: the Tokyo–Hakone Round-Trip College Ekiden Race, a traditional inter-university relay in which 10 runners take turns running from Tokyo to Hakone and back. It is held every year on January 2 and 3.
Q1
ABK大学駅伝部について正しいものはどれですか。
Which of the following is correct about the ABK University relay team?
1初めて箱根駅伝に出場し、精一杯がんばった。
The phrase 「精一杯がんばるつもり」 in the text expresses determination for the future, not that they "have already competed and given it everything," so the tense does not match.
2初めて箱根駅伝に出場できることになった。 ✓
Correct. The original says 「今年…ついに夢を実現することができました」, meaning that this year they finally earned qualification to run in the Hakone Ekiden for the first time, which corresponds to "able to compete in the Hakone Ekiden for the first time."
3駅伝部は箱根駅伝に出場して、大きく成長した。
"Has grown greatly" is in the past tense, but the original says 「今回の出場をきっかけとして…成長できると期待しています」, which is only an expectation and has not yet happened.
4箱根駅伝に出場するという夢を実現したいと思っている。
"I hope to realize the dream of competing" presents an already realized dream as not yet realized, which contradicts the original 「夢を実現することができました」.
Q2
この会で、誰が誰に話していますか。
In this setting, who is speaking to whom?
1選手がコーチに話している。
「選手がコーチに」: the coach is mentioned in the text only in 「コーチをはじめ、これまで応援してくださった方」, as someone to be thanked, not as the audience.
2コーチが選手に話している。
「コーチが選手に」: the speaker refers to themselves with 「私にとっては大学生活最後の年」, so it is a runner speaking, not the coach.
3コーチが会の参加者に話している。
「コーチが会の参加者に」: this gets the speaker's identity backwards; it is a runner speaking, not the coach.
4選手が会の参加者に話している。 ✓
Correct. The opening, 「皆様、本日は私たちABK大学駅伝部のためにお集まりいただき」, shows a runner addressing the people who have come to the gathering to support them (会の参加者).
Part 4: Listening
Listen first, then tap an option. The transcript and explanation appear after you answer.
Q1
Nothing is printed on the test paper: choose by listening alone.
女の人が話しています。
Transcript
私は老人ホームなど福祉の現場で10年間働いて、ご本人やご家族の方からさまざまな質問を受けてきましたが、その間ずっと福祉についてわかりやすく説明してあるものがあったらいいなと思ってきました。それで今回、皆さんが疑問に思われることをまとめて、このガイドブックを作りました。この本をきっかけに、皆さんが福祉について考えてくださることを期待しております。
I have worked for ten years in welfare settings such as nursing homes, and I have received all sorts of questions from the residents themselves and from their families. During that time, I have always thought it would be nice if there were something that explained welfare clearly. So this time, I have gathered the points that people may have questions about and made this guidebook. I hope this book will be an opportunity for you to think about welfare.
問 女の人は何について話していますか。
1女の人が福祉の現場で働いてきたこと
2女の人がご家族の方から質問されたこと
3女の人が本を書いた理由 ✓
4みんなの福祉に対する期待
What is this woman talking about?
The question asks "what the whole talk is about," not about a specific detail. The first half, 「福祉の現場で10年間働いて…質問を受けてきました」, is just background and not the topic itself. The real reason comes in the second half: 「皆さんが疑問に思われることをまとめて、このガイドブックを作りました」, meaning she made this book because she wanted to answer everyone's questions. 1 「福祉の現場で働いてきたこと」 is only career background, not the main point. 2 「ご家族の方から質問されたこと」 is also just background. 4 「みんなの福祉に対する期待」 is never mentioned in the original; the woman just wants to explain welfare clearly. → 女の人が本を書いた理由. The answer is 3.
Grammar in this question
〜てきました:Have been doing ... up to now (a continuing experience). 「質問を受けてきました」 = I have been receiving various questions all along.
〜たらいいな:It would be nice if there were... (a wish). 「あったらいいなと思ってきました」 = I have been wishing there were something like that.
〜をきっかけに:Using ... as an opportunity (Grammar Point ⑨ of this lesson). 「この本をきっかけに」 = I hope this book can become an opportunity.
Key vocabulary
老人ホーム(ろうじんホーム) nursing home
福祉(ふくし) welfare, social welfare
疑問(ぎもん) question, doubt
期待(きたい) expectation
Q2
Nothing is printed on the test paper: choose by listening alone.
女の人が話しています。
Transcript
この会は主婦を中心に結成されたボランティア団体です。地域の環境を整えて、子どもたちもお年寄りも安心して暮らせる街づくりを目指しています。できるだけ多くの方に参加していただいて、協力して住みよい街づくりに貢献したいと思います。主婦でなくても、この活動に興味を持たれた方はぜひご参加ください。
This group is a volunteer organization formed mainly of housewives. We work to improve the local environment and create a town where children and the elderly can live with peace of mind. We would like as many people as possible to take part and contribute together to building a livable town. Even if you are not a housewife, if you are interested in this activity, please do join us.
問 女の人は何のために話していますか。
1ボランティア団体を結成するため
2地域の環境を整えるため
3新しいメンバーを募集するため ✓
4ボランティア活動に参加するため
What is this woman's purpose in giving this talk?
The question asks about the purpose of the talk. The group has already been 「結成された」 (formed), so it is not about to be formed; this rules out 1. 「地域の環境を整えて…街づくりを目指しています」 is the goal the group is already working toward, not the purpose of this particular talk, so 2 is out. The speaker is herself a member of the group, not an outsider planning to join, so 4 is out. The real purpose is at the end: 「できるだけ多くの方に参加していただいて」 and 「主婦でなくても…ぜひご参加ください」, an appeal for more people to join. → 新しいメンバーを募集するため. The answer is 3.
Grammar in this question
〜を中心に:Centered on... 「主婦を中心に結成された」 = formed with housewives as its core.
〜を目指す:Aiming at... 「街づくりを目指しています」.
〜に貢献する:Contributing to... 「街づくりに貢献したいと思います」.
Key vocabulary
結成(けっせい)する to form, to be established
整える to put in order, to improve
貢献(こうけん)する contribution
Q1
Listen to this sentence first
問 よう、元気そうだね。こうやって集まるの、大学卒業以来だね。
Hey, you look well. This is the first time we've gotten together like this since graduating from university.
1本当に懐かしいね。 ✓
It really brings back memories.
2大学卒業したっけ?
Did you graduate from university?
3いつ集まるつもり?
When are you planning to get together?
The other person says 「集まるの、大学卒業以来だね」, remarking that this is the first time they have gotten together since graduating, in a nostalgic tone. The most natural response echoes that nostalgia: 「本当に懐かしいね」. 2 「大学卒業したっけ?」 treats the established fact stated by the other person (that they have graduated) as a question, so it doesn't answer what was said. 3 「いつ集まるつもり?」 asks when they will get together, but they are already together, so it is illogical. The answer is 1.
Grammar in this question
〜だね:..., isn't it? (a tone of confirmation or exclamation, used among close people). 「以来だね」.
〜っけ:Did I ...? (confirming something you are unsure you remember). 「卒業したっけ?」 But here the other person has already said 卒業以来, so it is clearly an established fact, and asking back is unnatural.
Key vocabulary
懐かしい(なつかしい) nostalgic
集まる to gather
Q2
Listen to this sentence first
問 何遊んでるのよ。ちょっと手伝ってくれない?
What are you messing around for? Can't you give me a hand?
1じゃあ一緒に遊ぼうよ。
Then let's play together.
2別に遊んでるわけじゃないよ。 ✓
I'm not playing around, you know.
3手伝ってくれないの?
Aren't you going to help me?
The other person says in a reproachful tone 「何遊んでるのよ」 (What are you messing around for?), which is really an accusation that you are slacking off or playing around. The most natural response is to defend yourself and deny the accusation: 「別に遊んでるわけじゃないよ」 (the spoken form of Grammar Point ⑪ 「わけではない」, which fits the focus of this lesson). 1 「じゃあ一緒に遊ぼうよ」 mistakes the reproach for an invitation to play, a complete misunderstanding. 3 「手伝ってくれないの?」 reverses the roles: it is the other person who wants help, not you asking them for help. The answer is 2.
Grammar in this question
〜わけじゃない:It's not that... (Grammar Point ⑪ of this lesson, spoken form). 「遊んでるわけじゃない」 = I'm not playing around.
〜てくれない?:Could you help me...? (a request). 「手伝ってくれない?」.
Key vocabulary
手伝う(てつだう) to help out