Lesson 11 友だちのお見舞い Practice

Part 1: Choosing the grammar form

最近さいきん少しすこし太りふとり（　　）から、食事しょくじに気をきをつけているんです。

Related grammar point 99 風邪かぜ気味ぎみで

最近さいきん少しすこし太りふとり（気味きみだ）から、食事しょくじに気をきをつけているんです。

I've been gaining a little weight lately, so I'm being careful about what I eat.

1っこない
っこない: Lesson 10, grammar point 91. 「太りふとりっこない」 is a correct connection (V-ます + っこない), but it would mean "there's no way I'll gain weight," which contradicts the context (the speaker is watching what they eat because they have gained weight).
2っぽい
っぽい: 「〜っぽい」 expresses a tendency or "-ish" quality; it does not express a slight change in physical condition.
3だらけだ
だらけだ: Grammar point 104 of this lesson, 「〜だらけ」, means "full of..." and is mostly used when negative things exist in large quantities, so it does not fit the context of gaining a little weight.
4気味きみだ ✓
Correct. 気味だ: Grammar point 99 of this lesson, 「〜気味」. The feeling of having gained a little weight.

A：かわいい袋ふくろ。あき子この手作りてづくり？
B：まさか！シャツのボタン（　　）つけたことないのに…。

A：かわいい袋ふくろ。あき子この手作りてづくり？
B：まさか！シャツのボタン（さえ）つけたことないのに…。

A: What a cute bag. Did you make it yourself, Akiko? B: No way! I've never even sewn a button on a shirt...

1だけ
だけ: Means "only...", which does not fit the context (emphasizing that she hasn't done even the most basic thing).
2くらい
くらい: Grammar point 102 of this lesson, 「〜くらい」, expresses degree and does not fit the context.
3さえ ✓
Correct. さえ: Grammar point 101 of this lesson, 「〜さえ」. She hasn't even sewn a shirt button (emphasis through an extreme example).
4ほど
ほど: Grammar point 111 of this lesson, 「〜ほど」, which does not fit the sentence structure.

昨日きのう徹夜てつやしたせいで、目めを開けあけていられない（　　）眠いねむいんだ。

昨日きのう徹夜てつやしたせいで、目めを開けあけていられない（くらい）眠いねむいんだ。

Because I stayed up all night last night, I'm so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.

1ように
ように: Means "like / so that...", which does not fit the context.
2くらい ✓
Correct. くらい: Grammar point 102 of this lesson, 「〜くらい」. So sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.
3とおりに
とおりに: Means "as / in accordance with...", which does not fit the context.
4そうに
そうに: Means "looking as if...", and both the connection and the context do not fit.

エアコンを（　　）寝るねると、のどが痛くいたくなりますよ。

Related grammar point 103 服ふくも脱ぎぬぎっぱなし

エアコンを（つけっぱなしで）寝るねると、のどが痛くいたくなりますよ。

If you fall asleep with the air conditioner left on, your throat will hurt.

1つけっぱなしで ✓
Correct. つけっぱなしで: Grammar point 103 of this lesson, 「〜っぱなし」. Falling asleep with the air conditioner left on.
2つけそうに
つけそうに: Means "looks like it is about to be turned on," which does not fit the context.
3つけきって
つけきって: There is no such fixed expression, and it does not fit the context.
4つけたところを
つけたところを: Means "just as one turned it on," which does not fit the context.

猫ねこを抱いいだいたら、セーターが毛け（　　）になってしまった。

Related grammar point 104 ごみだらけだし

猫ねこを抱いいだいたら、セーターが毛け（だらけ）になってしまった。

After holding the cat, my sweater was covered in cat hair.

1しか
しか: Means "only...", which does not fit the context (hair is stuck all over).
2っぽい
っぽい: Means "having a touch of...", which is too weak and does not fit a sweater covered in hair.
3気味きみ
気味: Grammar point 99 of this lesson, which does not fit the concrete state of a sweater covered in cat hair.
4だらけ ✓
Correct. だらけ: Grammar point 104 of this lesson, 「〜だらけ」. The sweater is covered in cat hair.

涼しいすずしいから夏なつに北海道ほっかいどうへ行いく人ひとが多いおおいですが、夏なつより冬ふゆのほうが北海道ほっかいどう（　　）景色けしきが見らみられると思いおもいますよ。

Related grammar point 106 ゆきらしくないなあ

涼しいすずしいから夏なつに北海道ほっかいどうへ行いく人ひとが多いおおいですが、夏なつより冬ふゆのほうが北海道ほっかいどう（らしい）景色けしきが見らみられると思いおもいますよ。

It's cool there, so many people go to Hokkaido in summer, but I think you can see scenery that is more typical of Hokkaido in winter than in summer.

1どおりの
どおりの: Means "as expected / in accordance with," which does not fit the context.
2ばかりの
ばかりの: Means "consisting only of...", which does not fit the context.
3ほど
ほど: Grammar point 111 of this lesson. The blank must modify the noun 景色, but ほど cannot modify a noun directly (「北海道ほっかいどうほど景色けしき」 is ungrammatical), so it does not fit the sentence structure.
4らしい ✓
Correct. らしい: Grammar point 106 of this lesson, 「〜らしい」. Scenery that is more typical of Hokkaido.

旅行りょこう中ちゅうにパスポートを盗まぬすまれたとき（　　）困っこまったことはなかった。

旅行りょこう中ちゅうにパスポートを盗まぬすまれたとき（ほど）困っこまったことはなかった。

I have never been in as much trouble as when my passport was stolen during a trip.

1さえ
さえ: Grammar point 101 of this lesson, which does not fit the sentence structure.
2ほど ✓
Correct. ほど: Grammar point 111 of this lesson, 「〜ほど」. Nothing has ever been as troubling as the time my passport was stolen (using an extreme example to stress the high degree).
3だけ
だけ: Means "only...", which does not fit the context.
4のことといったら
のことといったら: Means "speaking of...", which does not fit the sentence structure.

太陽たいようなどの自然しぜんエネルギーの開発かいはつ（　　）、これからのエネルギー問題もんだいは語れかたれないだろう。

Related grammar point 112 ゆきぬきではできない

太陽たいようなどの自然しぜんエネルギーの開発かいはつ（をぬきにして）、これからのエネルギー問題もんだいは語れかたれないだろう。

If we leave aside the development of natural energy such as solar power, we won't be able to discuss future energy issues.

1をぬきにして ✓
Correct. をぬきにして: Grammar point 112 of this lesson, 「〜をぬきにして」. Without the development of natural energy such as solar power, we cannot discuss future energy issues.
2によって
によって: Means "depending on...", which does not fit the context.
3といえば
といえば: Means "speaking of...", which does not fit the context.
4について
について: Means "about..."; 「自然しぜんエネルギーの開発かいはつについて、これからのエネルギー問題もんだいは語れかたれない」 does not make sense, so it does not fit the context.

母ははが宝くじたからくじ1億円おくえん当たあたったなんて言ういうから、冗談じょうだんかと思ったおもったら（　　）。

母ははが宝くじたからくじ1億円おくえん当たあたったなんて言ういうから、冗談じょうだんかと思ったおもったら（本当ほんとうだった）。

My mom said she won a 100-million-yen lottery. I thought she was joking, but it turned out to be true.

1冗談じょうだんだった
冗談だった: This conflicts with the logic of 「かと思ったおもったら」 ("I thought it was..., but it turned out..."), because the same outcome cannot be repeated.
2本当ほんとうだった ✓
Correct. 本当だった: Grammar point 107 of this lesson, 「〜かと思ったおもったら」. I thought it was a joke, but it turned out to be true.
3おどろいた
おどろいた: "I was surprised," which does not fit the sentence structure (the result content should follow 「かと思ったおもったら」).
4喜んだよろこんだ
喜んだ: "I was happy," which has the same problem and does not fit logically.

Part 2: Building sentences

Put the 4 options into slots 1–4 in order, then pick the one that lands in the ★ slot.

A：現在げんざい、作業さぎょうはどのぐらい進んすすんでいますか。 B：予定よていより12★4が、問題もんだいはありません。

Related grammar point 99 風邪かぜ気味ぎみで

A：現在げんざい、作業さぎょうはどのぐらい進んすすんでいますか。 B：予定よていより1少しすこし2遅れおくれ3★気味きみ4ですが、問題もんだいはありません。

Order: 1 → 4 → 3 → 2 ★ = option 3

A: How far along is the work right now? B: It's running slightly behind schedule, but there's no problem.

How the sentence is built

First comes 「少しすこし」, then 「遅れおくれ」. The ★ falls on 「気味」 after 「遅れおくれ」 (grammar point 99, 気味), and 「です」 closes the sentence. Full sentence: 予定より　少し　遅れ　気味★　です　が、問題はありません。

彼はかれは、山やま12★4ないだろうと語っかたった。

彼はかれは、山やま1ほど2すばらしい3★ところ4はないだろうと語っかたった。

Order: 4 → 1 → 2 → 3 ★ = option 2

He said that there is probably no place as wonderful as the mountains.

How the sentence is built

First comes 「ほど」, then 「すばらしい」. The ★ falls on 「ところ」 after 「すばらしい」 (grammar point 111, ほど), and 「は」 closes the sentence. Full sentence: 彼は、山　ほど　すばらしい　ところ★　は　ないだろうと語った。

このクッキー、昨日きのうデパートへ12★4んだけど、おいしいよ。

Related grammar point 109 買い物かいもののついでに

このクッキー、昨日きのうデパートへ1行いった2ついでに3★買っかって4きたんだけど、おいしいよ。

Order: 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 ★ = option 3

These cookies are ones I bought yesterday while I was at the department store. They're delicious.

How the sentence is built

First comes 「行いった」, then 「ついでに」. The ★ falls on 「買っかって」 after 「ついでに」 (grammar point 109, ついでに), and 「きた」 closes the sentence. Full sentence: このクッキー、昨日デパートへ　行った　ついでに　買って★　きたんだけど、おいしいよ。

Part 4: Listening

Listen first, then tap an option. The transcript and explanation appear after you answer.

Nothing is printed on the test paper: choose by listening alone.

女の人おんなのひとと男おとこの人ひとが話しはなしています。女の人おんなのひとはこの後あと何をなにをしなければなりませんか。

Transcript

F：どうしたんですか。朝あさから山岡やまおかさんの電話でんわ、鳴りなりっぱなしですね。
M：実はじつは新商品しんしょうひんに問題もんだいがあって、今かいまからお客きゃくさんのところへ謝りあやまりに行いかなくちゃいけないんだ。
F：何かなにか手伝いてつだいましょうか。
M：ありがとう。帰っかえってきてからお願ねがいするよ。
F：わかりました。じゃ、会議かいぎの資料しりょうをコピーしに行いってきます。
M：じゃ、悪いわるいけど、ついでにこれもコピーしておいてくれる？
F：わかりました。

F: What's wrong, Mr. Yamaoka? Your phone has been ringing nonstop since this morning.
M: Actually, there's a problem with the new product, and I have to go to the client's place now to apologize.
F: Is there anything I can help with?
M: Thanks, I'll ask you when I get back.
F: Understood. Then I'll go and copy the meeting materials.
M: Then, sorry to ask, but while you're at it, could you copy this too?
F: Understood.

問女の人おんなのひとはこの後あと何をなにをしなければなりませんか。

1資料しりょうをコピーする ✓
2お客きゃくさんのところへ謝りあやまりに行いく
3山岡やまおかさんと仕事しごとをする
4お客きゃくさんに電話でんわをかける

What does the woman have to do next?

The question asks what the woman has to do next. In the conversation, the woman has already offered, saying 「じゃ、会議かいぎの資料しりょうをコピーしに行いってきます」 ("Then I'll go copy the meeting materials"). The man then adds a request, 「ついでにこれもコピーしておいてくれる？」 ("While you're at it, could you copy this too?"), and the woman agrees with 「わかりました」. So what the woman has to do next is go and copy the materials (both the original meeting materials and the extra one the man asked for). 2 「お客きゃくさんのところへ謝りあやまりに行いく」 is what the man will do, not the woman. 3 「山岡やまおかさんと仕事しごとをする」 is not mentioned. 4 「お客きゃくさんに電話でんわをかける」 is not mentioned. → 資料しりょうをコピーする. The answer is 1.

Grammar in this question

〜っぱなし：(Grammar point 103 of this lesson) 「鳴りなりっぱなし」 = ringing on and on without stopping.

Key vocabulary

謝るあやまる to apologize

Listen to this sentence first

問エアコンつけっぱなしだよ。

The air conditioner has been left on, you know.

1あ、消すけすの、忘れわすれてた。 ✓
Oh, I forgot to turn it off.
2あ、もう消えきえたようだね。
Oh, it seems to have turned off already.
3あ、消えきえそうだよ。
Oh, it looks like it's about to turn off.

The other person points out that the air conditioner has been left on, so the most natural response is to admit the oversight: あ、消すけすの、忘れわすれてた ("Oh, I forgot to turn it off"). 2 「もう消えきえたようだね」 means "it seems to have already gone off," which contradicts the fact being pointed out. 3 「消えきえそうだよ」 means "it looks like it's about to go off (by itself)," which misses the point, since an air conditioner does not turn off on its own. The answer is 1.

Grammar in this question

〜っぱなし：(Grammar point 103 of this lesson) 「つけっぱなし」 = left on without being turned off.

Listen to this sentence first

問最近さいきんちょっと疲れつかれ気味ぎみで…。

I've been feeling a bit tired lately...

1じゃあ、休むやすむね。
Then I'll take a rest.
2少しすこし休んやすんだほうがいいよ。 ✓
You should rest a little.
3うん、休んやすんでもいい？
Um, may I take a rest?

The other person says they've been feeling a bit tired lately, so the most natural response is to show concern and suggest they rest: 少しすこし休んやすんだほうがいいよ. 1 「じゃあ、休むやすむね」 has the speaker themselves resting, so the subject is wrong (the response should be advice to the person who said they are tired, not an announcement that you will rest). 3 「休んやすんでもいい？」 asks for permission, and again the subject is wrong. The answer is 2.

Grammar in this question

〜気味きみ：(Grammar point 99 of this lesson) 「疲れつかれ気味ぎみ」 = feeling a bit tired.

Listen to this sentence first

問泥どろだらけじゃない。どうしたの？

You're covered in mud! What happened?

1違うちがうよ。泥どろだらけだよ。
No, I'm covered in mud.
2早くはやくシャワー浴びあびてよ。
Hurry up and take a shower.
3今そいまそこで転んころんじゃったんだ。 ✓
I just fell over right there.

The other person is surprised to see you covered in mud and asks what happened, so the most natural response is to explain the cause: 今そいまそこで転んころんじゃったんだ ("I just fell over right there"). 1 「違うちがうよ。泥どろだらけだよ」 is redundant and misses the point (the other person has already said it is mud, so there is no need to deny it). 2 「早くはやくシャワー浴びあびてよ」 gives advice to the other person, so the subject is wrong (the person being asked should answer with the reason). The answer is 3.

Grammar in this question

〜だらけ：(Grammar point 104 of this lesson) 「泥どろだらけ」 = covered in mud.

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