Lesson 14 オリンピックの開催について Practice
Part 1: Choosing the grammar form
Q1
新しい生活を始める 、大学の近くに部屋を探すことにした。
Related grammar point 4 オリンピック開催にあたって
新しい生活を始めるにあたって、大学の近くに部屋を探すことにした。
As I start a new life, I decided to look for a place near the university.
1において
において: Means "in (a place / field / era)", which doesn't fit the timing context of "as I start a new life".
2にしたがって
にしたがって: Means "in accordance with ...; as ...", which doesn't fit the context.
3に基づいて
に基づいて: Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, meaning "based on ...", which doesn't fit the context.
4にあたって ✓
Correct. にあたって: Grammar point ④ of this lesson, meaning "at the time of ..." — "as I start a new life".
Q2
学生時代はよくこの公園の芝生で昼寝をした 。懐かしいなあ。
Related grammar point 1 国を挙げて喜んだものだ
学生時代はよくこの公園の芝生で昼寝をしたものだ。懐かしいなあ。
In my student days I often took naps on the lawn of this park. How nostalgic.
1ことだ
ことだ: Expresses advice ("you should ..."), which doesn't fit the context of recalling the past.
2ものだ ✓
Correct. ものだ: Grammar point ① of this lesson, expressing nostalgia for the past — "I used to ... a lot".
3だけだ
だけだ: Means "only ...", which doesn't fit the context.
4わけだ
わけだ: Grammar point ③ of this lesson, an explanation meaning "naturally so", which doesn't fit the context of nostalgia for the past.
Q3
この製品の使用法 は、ホームページをご覧ください。
この製品の使用法については、ホームページをご覧ください。
For how to use this product, please see our website.
1について ✓
Correct. について: Means "about ...; regarding ..." — "regarding how to use the product".
2にあたって
にあたって: Grammar point ④ of this lesson, meaning "at the time of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
3をめぐって
をめぐって: Grammar point ② of this lesson, meaning "over ... (a difference of opinion)", which doesn't fit a context that simply introduces how to use something.
4に基づいて
に基づいて: Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, meaning "based on ...", which doesn't fit the context.
Q4
人は自分の経験 判断することが多いので、正しい判断をするにはたくさんの経験が必要だと言われる。
Related grammar point 7 理念に基づいて
人は自分の経験に基づいて判断することが多いので、正しい判断をするにはたくさんの経験が必要だと言われる。
People often make judgments based on their own experience, so it is said that making correct judgments requires a lot of experience.
1にしては
にしては: Means "for ...; considering that ...", which doesn't fit the context.
2に基づいて ✓
Correct. に基づいて: Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, meaning "based on ..." — "judge based on one's own experience".
3に加えて
に加えて: Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson, meaning "not only ... but also", which doesn't fit the context.
4にあたり
にあたり: Grammar point ④ of this lesson, meaning "at the time of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
Q5
原子力発電所の安全性 、世界各地で議論が行われている。
Related grammar point 2 開催をめぐって
原子力発電所の安全性をめぐって、世界各地で議論が行われている。
Discussions are being held around the world over the safety of nuclear power plants.
1を込めて
を込めて: Means "to do ... with the feeling of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
2を問わず
を問わず: Means "regardless of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
3をめぐって ✓
Correct. をめぐって: Grammar point ② of this lesson, meaning "over ... (a difference of opinion)" — "discussions over the safety of nuclear power plants".
4をもとに
をもとに: The Plus of grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, meaning "based on ...", which doesn't fit the context.
Part 2: Building sentences
Put the 4 options into slots 1–4 in order, then pick the one that lands in the ★ slot.
Q1
地域住民が新しいホテルの12★4起こしたそうだ。
Related grammar point 2 開催をめぐって
地域住民が新しいホテルの1建設2をめぐって3★反対4運動を起こしたそうだ。
Order: 2 → 4 → 3 → 1 ★ = option 3
Local residents are said to have started a protest movement over the construction of the new hotel.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「建設」, then 「をめぐって」 (grammar point ② of this lesson, "over ..."), and the ★ falls on 「反対」, which follows 「をめぐって」. Finally, 「運動を」 closes the phrase. The full sentence: 地域住民が新しいホテルの 建設 をめぐって 反対★ 運動を 起こしたそうだ。
Q2
結婚しない若者の増加も問題だが、12★4人が増えているのも問題だろう。
Related grammar point 6 用意されたとしても
結婚しない若者の増加も問題だが、1結婚した2としても3★子どもを産もう4としない人が増えているのも問題だろう。
Order: 2 → 4 → 1 → 3 ★ = option 1
The increase in young people who don't marry is a problem, but the increase in people who don't want to have children even if they do marry is probably a problem too.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「結婚した」, then 「としても」 (grammar point ⑥ of this lesson, "even if ..."), and the ★ falls on 「子どもを産もう」, which follows 「としても」. Finally, 「としない」 closes the phrase. The full sentence: 結婚しない若者の増加も問題だが、 結婚した としても 子どもを産もう★ としない 人が増えているのも問題だろう。
Q3
この温泉は、12★4効果もあります。
Related grammar point 5 資金に加えて
この温泉は、1疲労2回復3★に加えて4美肌の効果もあります。
Order: 2 → 1 → 4 → 3 ★ = option 4
This hot spring not only relieves fatigue but also has a skin-beautifying effect.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「疲労」, then 「回復」, and the ★ falls on 「に加えて」 (grammar point ⑤ of this lesson, "not only ... but also"), which follows 「回復」. Finally, 「美肌の」 closes the phrase. The full sentence: この温泉は、 疲労 回復 に加えて★ 美肌の 効果もあります。
Part 3: Grammar in a passage
Blank 1
Related grammar point 2 開催をめぐって
1を通じて
を通じて: Means "through ...", which doesn't fit the context.
2をめぐって ✓
Correct. をめぐって: Grammar point ② of this lesson, meaning "over ... (conflict or dispute arising)" — "a lawsuit was filed over this accident".
3を問わず
を問わず: Means "regardless of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
4をはじめ
をはじめ: Means "starting with ...; ... and others", which doesn't fit the context.
Blank 2
Related grammar point 7 理念に基づいて
1に限って
に限って: Means "only in the case of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
2にわたって
にわたって: Means "throughout ... (a period or range)", which doesn't fit the context.
3に基づいて ✓
Correct. に基づいて: Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, meaning "based on ..." — "pay 2 million yen based on the ruling".
4にさえ
にさえ: Means "even to ...", which doesn't fit the context.
Blank 3
Related grammar point 3 抗議の声が上がることになるわけだ
1ものがある
ものがある: Means "there is a sense of ...", which doesn't fit the context.
2きりだ
きりだ: Means "once ..., never again ...", which doesn't fit the context.
3にすぎない
にすぎない: Means "is nothing more than ...", which doesn't fit the context.
4わけだ ✓
Correct. わけだ: Grammar point ③ of this lesson, meaning "naturally so (after explaining the reason)" — "since the city was ordered to pay damages, it means a problem with the road management was recognized".
Blank 4
1を契機に ✓
Correct. を契機に: Means "using ... as an opportunity" — "using this accident as an opportunity".
2もかまわず
もかまわず: Means "without caring about ...", which doesn't fit the context.
3に加えて
に加えて: Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson, meaning "not only ... but also", which doesn't fit the context.
4に先立って
に先立って: Means "prior to ...", which doesn't fit the context.
Show the passage with answers and translation
A collision between two cars occurred at an intersection. An investigation into the cause of the accident found no serious negligence on the part of the driver. Because the danger of the intersection where the accident took place had been pointed out for some time, a lawsuit was filed over this accident between Oyama City, which manages the road, and the driver, and the city was ordered, based on the ruling, to pay 2 million yen. This means that a problem with the road management was recognized. Using this accident as an opportunity, Oyama City says it will carry out safety inspections of all roads in the city.
Part 4: Reading
Show passage translation
Various discussions are currently under way over the construction of a new expressway. Many people expect that if a new expressway is built, the local economy will become more active. However, even if the construction plan has been drawn up based on the basic principle of "the happiness of the people", the first problem is what to do about the cost. Besides the funding issue, the noise and air pollution in the surrounding areas will probably also have to be examined. When it comes to construction, there are still many problems that must be cleared, and it seems that it will take time to reach a decision.
Q1
筆者が一番言いたいことは何ですか。
What is the main point the author wants to make?
1高速道路を新しく作る必要があること
「高速道路を新しく作る必要があること」 The text never clearly argues that a new expressway "needs to be built"; the author's tone remains neutral throughout, listing various problems to be solved, and does not claim that it "should be built".
2高速道路ができれば、地域経済が活発になること
「高速道路ができれば、地域経済が活発になること」 This is merely the view mentioned at the start that "many people expect" this; it is other people's expectation, not the core point the author most wants to make.
3高速道路ができれば、国民が幸福になること
「高速道路ができれば、国民が幸福になること」 The text only says "even if the construction plan is drawn up based on the principle of the people's happiness" — a hypothetical starting point for the plan — and does not mean the author believes the people will necessarily be happy once it is built.
4高速道路の建設にはいろいろな問題があること ✓
Correct. The whole text lists the various problems facing the construction of the expressway, namely the cost, and the noise and air pollution, and concludes with 「クリアしなければならない問題はまだ数多く、決定には時間がかかる」. It is clear that what the author most wants to stress is that the construction of the expressway still has many problems to be solved. The answer is 4.