Lesson 1 初めての富士登山 Practice
Part 1: Choosing the grammar form
Q1
あの2人はさっきから1時間以上話し いますね。
Related grammar point 9 登り続けた
あの2人はさっきから1時間以上話し続けていますね。
Those two have been talking for over an hour now, haven't they?
1始めて
始めて: means "begin to ...," which doesn't fit the ongoing state of "having been talking for over an hour since a while ago"
2終わって
終わって: means "finish ...," which doesn't fit the context
3続けて ✓
Correct. 続けて: Grammar point ⑨ of this lesson, meaning "keep on ..."; "have been talking for over an hour"
4休んで
休んで: means "rest," which doesn't fit the context
Q2
先生に、休むときは必ず連絡する 言われた。
Related grammar point 2 持っていくように言われた
先生に、休むときは必ず連絡するように言われた。
My teacher told me to be sure to get in touch when I'm absent.
1ように ✓
Correct. ように: Grammar point ② of this lesson, used to report the content of an order or instruction; "be sure to get in touch"
2らしい
らしい: expresses conjecture, "it seems that ...," which doesn't fit the context
3かと
かと: introduces the content of a question, which doesn't fit the context
4ほしい
ほしい: means "want ...," which doesn't fit the context
Q3
残念だけど、忙しくて今日の飲み会、 んだ。
Related grammar point 5 大変じゃなさそうだった
残念だけど、忙しくて今日の飲み会、行けそうにないんだ。
It's a shame, but I'm busy, so I probably can't make it to the drinking party today.
1行けるかと思う
行けるかと思う: the sentence structure is incomplete, and the meaning doesn't fit
2行けるだろうと思う
行けるだろうと思う: Grammar point ④ of this lesson, meaning "I think I probably can ...," which doesn't fit the regretful tone of 「残念だけど」
3行けそうな
行けそうな: 「そうな」 must be followed by a noun, so it can't be used at the end of the sentence here
4行けそうにない ✓
Correct. 行けそうにない: the note to Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson; verbs take 「Vます+そうにない」 to mean "it doesn't look like I can ...," i.e. "I probably can't go"
Q4
プレゼントの箱を 、婚約指輪が入っていた。
Related grammar point 6 登ってみると
プレゼントの箱を開けると、婚約指輪が入っていた。
When I opened the gift box, there was an engagement ring inside.
1開けて
開けて: a simple te-form connection, which can't express the nuance of discovering something unexpected after opening it
2開けると ✓
Correct. 開けると: Grammar point ⑥ of this lesson, meaning "when I did ..., I found ..."; "when I opened the box, I found ..."
3開けても
開けても: means "even if you open it ...," which doesn't fit the context
4開ければ
開ければ: a hypothetical condition, "if you open it," which doesn't fit a context where the box has already been opened and something has been discovered
Q5
妹は冬でも毎日 、アイスクリームが好きです。
Related grammar point 7 立っているのもつらいほど
妹は冬でも毎日食べるほど、アイスクリームが好きです。
My younger sister loves ice cream so much that she eats it every day, even in winter.
1食べると
食べると: means "whenever you eat ...," which doesn't fit the context
2食べ始める
食べ始める: means "begin to eat," which doesn't fit the context of "to the extent of eating every day"
3食べるほど ✓
Correct. 食べるほど: Grammar point ⑦ of this lesson, expressing degree; "likes it to the extent of eating it every day"
4食べるなら
食べるなら: a hypothetical, "if you eat ...," which doesn't fit the context
Q6
最近ドラマの内容がわかるようになって 、うれしい。
Related grammar point 8 どんどん登っていく
最近ドラマの内容がわかるようになってきて、うれしい。
Lately I've started to be able to understand the content of TV dramas, and I'm happy about it.
1きて ✓
Correct. きて: the Plus section of Grammar point ⑧ of this lesson, 「〜てくる」, expressing a change that has continued from the past up to now; "has gradually become able to understand"
2いって
いって: 「〜ていく」 in Grammar point ⑧ of this lesson expresses development away from now or into the future, which doesn't fit a change that has already been achieved, as in "have become able to understand"
3始めて
始めて: 「〜始める」 attaches to the Vます stem (e.g. 「わかり始める」), not to the te-form, so 「わかるようになって始めて」 is ungrammatical
4続けて
続けて: 「〜続ける」 also attaches to the Vます stem, not to the te-form, so 「わかるようになって続けて」 is ungrammatical
Q7
テストのときは答えを 、もう一度見て、チェックしてください。
Related grammar point 1 登り始めた
テストのときは答えを書き終わったら、もう一度見て、チェックしてください。
During the test, after you finish writing your answers, please look them over once more and check them.
1書き始めたら
書き始めたら: means "once you start writing," which doesn't fit the context of checking again (you check after finishing writing)
2書き終わったら ✓
Correct. 書き終わったら: the Plus section of Grammar point ① of this lesson, 「〜終わる」, meaning "once you finish writing"; "after finishing writing your answers, check them again"
3書いてきたら
書いてきたら: means "once you have written and come back," which doesn't fit the context
4書いていったら
書いていったら: means "once you go on writing," which doesn't fit the context
Q8
今週末、海へ泳ぎに行く予定ですが、天気があまり なので、心配しています。
Related grammar point 5 大変じゃなさそうだった
今週末、海へ泳ぎに行く予定ですが、天気があまりよくなさそうなので、心配しています。
I'm planning to go swimming at the beach this weekend, but the weather doesn't look very good, so I'm worried.
1よくなさそう ✓
Correct. よくなさそう: Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson, meaning "doesn't look ..."; "the weather doesn't look very good"
2よさそう
よさそう: means "looks good," which is the opposite of the context of worrying about bad weather
3よくなかったそう
よくなかったそう: means "I hear it wasn't good," which is a hearsay usage and doesn't fit the context
4よかったそう
よかったそう: means "I hear it was good," which doesn't fit the context
Part 2: Building sentences
Put the 4 options into slots 1–4 in order, then pick the one that lands in the ★ slot.
Q1
医者に12★4言われた。
Related grammar point 2 持っていくように言われた
医者に1たばこと2お酒を3★やめる4ように言われた。
Order: 1 → 3 → 2 → 4 ★ = option 2
The doctor told me to quit smoking and drinking.
How the sentence is built
First connect 「たばこと」 and 「お酒を」 to form the object "cigarettes and alcohol." The ★ falls on 「やめる」, which comes after 「お酒を」, and the sentence ends with 「ように」 (corresponding to Grammar point ② of this lesson, which reports content). Full sentence: 医者に たばこと お酒を やめる★ ように 言われた。
Q2
ほしいものを安く12★4インターネットで値段を調べたほうがいいよ。
Related grammar point 10 上まで行きたいなら
ほしいものを安く1買いたい2なら3★買う4前にインターネットで値段を調べたほうがいいよ。
Order: 4 → 2 → 1 → 3 ★ = option 1
If you want to buy the thing you want cheaply, you should compare prices online before you buy it.
How the sentence is built
First comes 「買いたい」, followed by 「なら」 (corresponding to Grammar point ⑩ of this lesson, "if ..."). The ★ falls on 「買う」, which comes after 「なら」, and the sentence ends with 「前に」. Full sentence: ほしいものを安く 買いたい なら 買う★ 前に インターネットで値段を調べたほうがいいよ。
Q3
友だちが来月12★4聞いて、びっくりした。
Related grammar point 3 病気になる人もいるということ
友だちが来月1会社を2辞める3★という4話を聞いて、びっくりした。
Order: 3 → 2 → 1 → 4 ★ = option 1
I was surprised to hear that my friend is quitting the company next month.
How the sentence is built
First connect 「会社を」 and 「辞める」 to form "quit the company." The ★ falls on 「という」 (corresponding to Grammar point ③ of this lesson, which expresses content), which comes after 「辞める」, and the sentence ends with 「話を」. Full sentence: 友だちが来月 会社を 辞める という★ 話を 聞いて、びっくりした。
Part 3: Grammar in a passage
Blank 1
Related grammar point 3 病気になる人もいるということ
1という ✓
Correct. という: Grammar point ③ of this lesson, meaning "called ..., named ..."; "because it is white, it is named the beluga (white whale)"
2らしい
らしい: expresses conjecture, "it seems that ...," which doesn't fit the context of explaining a name given for a reason
3ように
ように: Grammar point ② of this lesson, used to report the content of a command or instruction, which doesn't fit the context
4なら
なら: Grammar point ⑩ of this lesson, expressing a hypothetical, which doesn't fit the context
Blank 2
Related grammar point 6 登ってみると
1見れば
見れば: a hypothetical, "if you look," which doesn't fit the fact that the speaker looked and then discovered something
2見なければ
見なければ: means "if you don't look," which doesn't fit the context
3見ると ✓
Correct. 見ると: Grammar point ⑥ of this lesson, meaning "when I looked, I found ..."; "only after looking at the baby did I find that it wasn't white"
4見ないと
見ないと: means "if you don't look," which doesn't fit the context
Blank 3
Related grammar point 8 どんどん登っていく
1泳いでいった
泳いでいった: 「ていく」 in Grammar point ⑧ of this lesson expresses movement away, the opposite of the direction "toward us"
2泳いでいかなかった
泳いでいかなかった: doesn't fit the context
3泳いできた ✓
Correct. 泳いできた: the Plus section of Grammar point ⑧ of this lesson, 「てくる」, expressing approach; "swam toward us"
4泳いでこなかった
泳いでこなかった: a negative form, which doesn't fit the positive outcome 「うれしかった」
Blank 4
Related grammar point 2 持っていくように言われた
1ように ✓
Correct. ように: Grammar point ② of this lesson, used to report the content of an instruction or prohibition; "was told not to use a flash"
2という
という: Grammar point ③ of this lesson, which must be followed by a noun (e.g. 「〜という話」); it cannot come directly before 「言われた」, so it is ungrammatical here. To report an instruction, use 「ように」
3のに
のに: means "even though ...," which doesn't fit the context
4なら
なら: Grammar point ⑩ of this lesson, expressing a hypothetical, which doesn't fit the context
Show the passage with answers and translation
I heard that a baby beluga had been born at the aquarium, so I went to see it with a friend. Belugas are called "belugas" (white whales) because they are white. But when I looked at the baby, it wasn't white, and I was surprised. A staff member explained that baby belugas are gray when they are born and gradually turn white. It was really cute. It swam toward us, and I was happy. When I was about to take a picture, I was told not to use a flash, because it would startle the baby. I thought it must be really hard work for the staff, who take such good care of all kinds of animals.
Part 4: Listening
Listen first, then tap an option. The transcript and explanation appear after you answer.
Q1
Options are printed on the test paper: read them, then listen.
女の人が話しています。今の季節はいつですか。
問 今の季節はいつですか。
Transcript
昨年オープンしたこちらのショッピングセンターでは、これまでいろいろなイベントを行ってきました。夏には浴衣のファッションショーを開いたり、クリスマスにはフィンランドからサンタクロースを呼んだりしたそうです。そして今日は、桜の花の形をしたクッキーを配っていました。おいしいと評判の店のクッキーが無料というお知らせを聞いて、たくさんのお客さんが集まり、配り始めるとすぐになくなってしまったそうです。
At this shopping center, which opened last year, various events have been held up to now. I hear that in summer a yukata fashion show was held, and at Christmas they even invited Santa Claus from Finland. And today, cookies shaped like cherry blossoms were being handed out. After hearing the announcement that cookies from a highly regarded shop were free, many customers gathered, and I hear they were gone as soon as the handing out began.
問 今の季節はいつですか。
1春 ✓
2夏
3秋
4冬
What season is it now?
The question asks "What season is it now?" The passage mentions 「夏には浴衣のファッションショー」 and 「クリスマスにはサンタクロース」, but these are events that 「これまで行ってきた」 (have been held in the past), which looks back on the past rather than describing the present (this rules out 2 and 4). What points to the present is the last part: 「今日は、桜の花の形をしたクッキーを配っていました」. Cookies shaped like cherry blossoms were being handed out today, and cherry blossoms are a symbol of spring. → spring. The answer is 1.
Grammar in this question
〜てきました:(Plus section of Grammar point ⑧ of this lesson) To have kept doing ... up to now. 「行ってきました」 = have been holding them up to now.
Key vocabulary
浴衣(ゆかた) yukata (light summer kimono)
評判(ひょうばん) reputation
Q2
Options are printed on the test paper: read them, then listen.
女の人と男の人が話しています。女の人はこのあと何をしますか。
問 女の人はこのあと何をしますか。
Transcript
F:課長、さっき部長からお電話があって、事故で電車が遅れていて、打ち合わせの時間に間に合いそうにないとおっしゃっていました。
M:そう。じゃあ、打ち合わせの時間を変更しようか。会議室の予約を確認して、ほかのメンバーに連絡してください。
F:はい。確認しましたが、会議室はこの時間しか使えないそうです。
M:じゃあ、予定通り始めることにしよう。部長に連絡を入れておいてください。
F:はい、わかりました。
F: Section Chief, the department head just called. He said the train is delayed because of an accident and it doesn't look like he'll make it in time for the meeting.
M: I see. Then shall we change the meeting time? Please check the meeting room reservation and contact the other members.
F: Yes. I checked, but I'm told the meeting room is only available at this time.
M: Then let's start as planned. Please let the department head know.
F: Yes, understood.
問 女の人はこのあと何をしますか。
1会議室の予約を取り直す
2ほかのメンバーに連絡する
3会議室の予約を確認する
4部長に連絡する ✓
What will the woman do next?
The question asks "What will the woman do next?" Earlier in the conversation the man did say 「会議室の予約を確認して、ほかのメンバーに連絡してください」, but the woman immediately replies 「確認しましたが、会議室はこの時間しか使えない」. This means the premise behind those two instructions (changing the time) no longer holds, so they were overturned by the rest of the conversation (this rules out 2 and 3). There is no mention at all of re-booking the meeting room (this rules out 1; the final decision is to keep the original time, so no new reservation is needed). The instruction that is actually settled on is the man's last line: 「部長に連絡を入れておいてください」, and the woman answers 「はい、わかりました」. → 部長に連絡する. The answer is 4.
Grammar in this question
〜そうにない:(Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson) Doesn't look like ... 「間に合いそうにない」 = it doesn't look like they will make it in time.
Key vocabulary
打ち合わせ(うちあわせ) meeting, discussion
予約(よやく) reservation
Q1
Listen to this sentence first
問 え?コートを着ないで行くの?
Huh? You're going out without a coat?
1うん、あまり寒くなさそうだから。 ✓
Yeah, it doesn't look very cold.
2うん、寒くなりそうだから。
Yeah, it looks like it's going to get cold.
3うん、寒くなったじゃない。
Yeah, it's gotten cold, hasn't it?
The other person asks 「コートを着ないで行くの?」, meaning "You're going out without a coat?", which is a question asked in surprise. The most natural reply explains the reason for not wearing a coat: it doesn't look cold. 「うん、あまり寒くなさそうだから」 (Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson, 「なさそうだ」). 2 「うん、寒くなりそうだから」: if it looks like it will get cold, you would be even more likely to wear a coat, so the logic contradicts itself. 3 「うん、寒くなったじゃない」: if it has already gotten cold, there is even less reason to go out without a coat, so this is also a logical contradiction. The answer is 1.
Grammar in this question
〜なさそうだ:(Grammar point ⑤ of this lesson) Doesn't look like ... 「寒くなさそう」 = doesn't look cold.